The role of bacteria in experimental chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

نویسنده

  • J. P. Sanford
چکیده

The development of animal model systems in which hypotheses regarding a human disease counterpart can be tested should enable the independent evaluation of variables in a multifactorial system. This is particularly germane in a consideration of chronic obstructive lung disease since chronic bronchitis and emphysema may occur in combination or independently of the other, and since a number of agents appear associated with similar clinical syndromes. Experimentally produced chronic obstructive lung disease has not usually been comparable to the clinical disease, hence often has not enabled the testing of hypotheses regarding pathogenesis or treatment. One approach to the development of animal model systems involves assessment of those factors in an experimental system that appear to be basic determinants in the genesis of the human disease. Specifically considering chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema, such determinants would include the broad category of damaging agents and host defense mechanisms. This review will be concerned almost entirely with bacteria as damaging agents. Bacteria or their products occupy a major position among the damaging agents which have been incriminated either as primary or more often as secondary factors in the genesis and progression of the disease complex chronic obstructive lung disease. Those microorganisms which are most frequently implicated represent species commonly resident in the airways above the larynx. While a number of bacterial species have been considered important in promoting progressive disease of the respiratory tract, particularly exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, nonencapsulated strains of Hemophilus influenzae have been more frequently implicated.`' Yet observations such as those of the Medical Research Council on the equivocal value of chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy in early chronic bronchitis suggest that factors other than bacterial infection may be important in its early development and progression.' Despite possibly conflicting clinical data, there appears to be sufficient evidence to justify the hypothesis that bacteria or their products are at least important contributing, if not primary, factors in the genesis of chronic bronchitis in man.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine

دوره 40  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1968